Basic Ratios useful for Every Investor

As an investor, you have to know how to play with statistics if you want to be successful. Many people, particularly first-time investors, are unfamiliar with the solutions and overestimate the profitability of stock market investment because of this. Developing a long-term profitability plan for your investments may be as simple as learning a few basic ratios. Here are certain ratios that every investor should be aware of and use in their investment plans.

Current Ratio

This ratio measures a company's ability to meet its short-term or one-year obligations. The current ratio tells investors and analysts how a company's current assets may be used to pay down its current debt and other liabilities. Typically, a current ratio of equal to or slightly over the industry average is seen as acceptable. It's possible that a lower-than-average current ratio indicates more default or difficulty risks.

A high current ratio shows that a corporation isn't making the most efficient use of its assets in contrast to its competitors. The current ratio incorporates all current assets and liabilities, unlike some other liquidity measures. Another word for current ratio is working capital ratio. To put it another way, working capital refers to the difference between a firm's current assets and current liabilities. A company's ability to meet its short-term obligations and determine its overall financial health may be difficult to ascertain when looking at its balance sheet because of the wide range of assets and liabilities it has.

Current Ratio = Current assets /Current liabilities

Return on Equity Ratio:

Return on equity is calculated by dividing net income by shareholders' equity. When calculating the ROE, one uses the term "return on net assets," which is the value left after subtracting a company's debt. Profitability and efficiency of a corporation may be gauged by looking at its Return on Equity Ratio (ROER). Any company may calculate its Return on Equity Ratio if its net income and equity are both positive. Before common shareholders receive dividends and after preferred shareholders receive dividends and lenders earn interest, net income is calculated. ​

Return on Equity= Net Income/Shareholders' Equity

P/E (Price-to-Earnings) Ratio

Relative Value of a Product The price-to-earnings ratio measures how much a firm earns per share compared to the stock price. It's a standard ratio used by investors to determine the value of a company. For every rupee in current profits, the price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) is calculated. Because investors want to know how profitable a company is today and how profitable it will be in the future, earnings are important when analysing a company's stock. P/E may also be considered as the number of years it will take to return the price paid for each share assuming the company does not grow and earnings remain constant. A stock's P/E ratio might tell you very little about a firm if you don't compare it to previous P/E ratios or P/E ratios of competitors in the same industry.

Price to Earnings Ratio = Share Price/ Earnings Per Share (EPS)

Return on Assets Ratio

Alternatively known as the return on total assets (ROTA), the return on assets ratio compares net income to the average of all assets over a certain period of time to calculate the net income generated by all assets. The Return on Assets Ratio measures a company's ability to earn long-term income from its assets. Using the return on assets ratio, investors may see how profitable a company's assets can be. The Return on Assets Ratio, on the other hand, gauges how successfully a business is able to transform the money it spends on assets into net income.

Return on Assets = Net Income/Total Assets

Return on Invested Capital Ratio

A percentage is used to express the ROIC Ratio, which can be annualised or calculated using the trailing 12-month period. According to the company's cost of capital, it should be evaluated for profitability. These firms are more valuable when their ROIC Ratio is higher than their weighted average cost of capital, the most often used cost of capital statistic. Two percent over the cost of capital is a widely accepted metric for measuring value development in an enterprise.

Return on Invested Capital = Net income-divident/Debt+Equity

Debt-to-Equity Ratio

To determine how much of a company's total capital comes from creditors and owners, the debt-to-equity ratio is calculated. The debt-to-equity ratio measures how much a firm owes in long-term debt compared to how much it has in equity. In the event of a liquidation, this financial calculator predicts the amount of debt that may be paid off using contributions from shareholders. In order to assess the strength and stability of a company's financial position, this metric is calculated using data from the previous financial year. When interest rates rise, a company with a low debt-to-equity ratio is less risky to invest in. As a result, the company has more money to invest and expand.

Debt to Equity Ratio=Total Liabilities/Total Shareholders Equity

To have a better grasp of the market and plan a more effective investing strategy, using the ratios listed above might be helpful. Alternatively, practicing these methods may help you choose the best companies to add to your portfolio, allowing you to build money while having a good time. We've chosen six of the most common and important metrics in fundamental analysis from among the many available. Use many ratios and metrics to get a complete picture of a company's strengths and weaknesses, and you'll have a better understanding of its potential.